Jurnal Ekonomi

Abstract

Introduction. A Case Based Measles Surveillance (CBMS) has been implemented since 2007 at
the Puskesmas level and in 2011 at the provincial level. The purpose of this study is to find out the
description of measles trends in 30 health centers coverage Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang
(Tangerang City Health Service) period 2013 to 2015 after CBMS applied.
Methods. This research uses descriptive method. The analysis used is univariate analysis with
secondary data source. Based on the inclusion criteria, people who suspect measles and visited the
30 primary health care that Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang area, the sample in 2013 is 810
respondents, in 2014 is 561 respondents, and in 2015 is 486 respondents. Data was collected by
collecting C-1 Individual Measles Case reports was reported by each rimary Health Care.
Results. In 2013, there were 43 cases of measles from 810 people (41.7%). In 2014, a number of
17 cases from 561 (13,65) was found.. In the last period, there were 14 cases from 486 people
(8,2%).
Conclusion. Thus, there were declining on measles incidence in the Tangerang City Health
Service between 2013 and 2015.

Trend, Campak, CBMS

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Abstract

The Use of Borax on Meatball Samples by Meatballs Traders in Kebayoran Baru Sub Distrik, South
Jakarta

Introduction. Borax is not an additional food category. Therefore, meatballs containing borax are not
safe for consumption. This study aims to determine borax content in meatballs by meatball traders who
sell in the district of Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta. The study also identified variables related to borax
use.
Methods. The type of this research is quantitative analysis with cross sectional approach. Samples taken
in the form of meatballs and traders who make and sell their own meatballs permanently in the District
Kebayoran Baru. Total samples are 56 people. Data collection was conducted from February to August
2015. The results of the measurement of borax content were analyzed in a laboratory. Bivariate analysis
use Chi Square test.
Results. The results showed that the positive traders used the borax of 28.6%, low education level
(73.2%), knowledgeable (55.4%), long trading had more than 17 years (91.1%), had a positive attitude
toward Borax (62.5%), have good motivation (57.1%), have positive perception on regulation (58,9%),
have easy to get borax (53,6%), have influence of weak friend including good (58, 9%). The result of chisquare

test showed that the variables that have statistical correlation with borax usage are education,
knowledge, motivation, trader’s perception on the regulation, ease of obtaining materials, and guidance
and supervision.
Conclusion. This research concludes that knowledge and low education become one of the causes of
traders still use borax in their meatballs. It also was influenced by low coaching and supervision.

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Abstract

Relationships Characteristics and Cariogenic Food Consumption Behavior With
Dental Caries Incidence at Students Aged 1112 Years Selected The State Elementary School
In The Puskesmas Taktakan Working Area Serang City 2015

Introduction. Dental caries is one of the teeth and mouth disease that many experienced particularly by
primary school children. The incidence of dental caries in children is measured through Decayed,
Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Dental cariesis closely related to elementary school children in the
habit cariogenic foods consumption. In Serang City, the number of students who suffer from dental caries
highest in the Puskesmas Taktakan working area.
Objective. This study aimed to determine the relationship of students characteristics and cariogenic food
consumption behavior with dental caries incidence. Including characteristics (gender, pocket money,
salivary pH), student behavior (knowledge, attitude, cariogenic food consumption, tooth brushing habit,
tooth brushing method)
Methods. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach to the cross sectional design. The
population of the study were students aged 1112 yers from the State Elementar Scholl in The Puskesmas
Taktakan area, Serang City. The sample selected by cluster random sampling techniques were 140
students.
Results. The variable that have significant relationship with the dental caries incidence are pocket
money, attitude, cariogenic food consumption, tooth brushing habits, tooth brushing method. Meanwhile,
variables that do not have a significant relationship with the dental caries is incidence is knowledge,
gender, salivary pH. The most dominant factor is cariogenic food consumption variable associated with
the dental caries incidence.
Conclusion. Foods that are cariogenic can damage the students teeth, so students are not eating
cariogenic food and can bring food that is not too sweet and sticky, if students who want to eat sweet and
sticky foods should find the right time to eat and immediately brushed teeth because cariogenic foods can
become acidic within 20-30 minutes.

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Abstract

Introduction. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), which was initiated by WHO is
the initial movement of protection for people who do not smoke. Support for tobacco control policies in
Bali and Yogyakarta is given not only by the people of nonsmokers but also by the people who have the
smoking behavior.
Methods. This study was a survey poll with sample of 128 respondents from Denpasar and Yogyakarta.
Respondents were selected using cluster sampling technique. Data collected by interviewing respondents
aged 15-50 years. The instrument of collecting data was questionnaire. Data collection was conducted
from May to June 2013. The analysis used comparative of the proportion of smokers and non-smokers
support for tobacco control policies.
Result.: Characteristics of respondents in Denpasar, most of them were not smoking (57.5%) while most
of respondents in the city of Yogyakarta were smoking (54.2%). The comparison in Denpasar showed
support from smokers (97.1%) and non-smokers (97.8%) were same in supporting the implementation of
the ban on smoking in public places and bounded workspace. The ban of smoking in public transport and
shopping malls were more supported by non-smokers (97.8%) than smokers (79.4%). In Yogyakarta, non
smokers support the implementation of legislation to ban smoking in public places and bounded
workspace (100%), at shopping centers and public transportation (95.5%). Than smokers in Denpasar
and Yogyakarta are provide supporting respectively, 94.1% and 84.6% supporting regulation pictorial
warnings on all tobacco product packaging, 85.3% and 88.5% supporting regulation for warning the
dangers of smoking on the outer packaging of cigarettes, 79.4% and 72% support a ban regulations
coloring, logos on cigarette packs, only 44.1% and 53.8% supported a ban on using labels flavors such
as menthol, chocolate and coffee flavor.
Conclusions. Support for smoking control regulations given by smoker or non-smoker respondents in
Denpasar and Yogyakarta. There should be a continuous effort by planned and provide health education
about dangers of smoking and exposure of cigarette smoke in all society.

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ABSTRACT
Almost every year as many as 2 million workers died from workplace accidents are caused by
work fatigue factors). In Indonesia, every day an average of 414 workplace accidents due to fatigue
27.8% is quite high approximately 9.5% or 39 people experiencing disability. Industrial washing
jeans is one part of the textile industry and is engaged in the laundering and discoloration. Fatigue
occurs because workers are often faced with a workload that is as diverse as the target resolution
of the work to be timely. Thus the need to know the relationship of internal factors and external
factors of employees with job burn out of employees in the production of laundry garment Laundry
CV Sinergie West Jakarta in 2013.
The study was conducted in laundry CV Sinergie located in Jalan Pos Pengumben No. 12 Kebon
Jeruk, West Jakarta. The timing of this study from March 2013 until October 2013. It was started
with preparing a research proposal to the seminar results. This study used a cross sectional design.
The study population was all employees CV Sinergie Laundry in the production of as many as 74
people. Determination of the number of samples used saturated sampling method.The analysis
technique used is the analysis of univariate and research bivariat. The results of analysis showed
70.6% of employees experience fatigue high category, employees with older age (≥35 years)
52.7%, long working life (> 5 years) 58.1% , poor nutrition status / underweight 59.5%, 70.3%
marital status, mental workload low category 62.2%, smoking 85.1%, 55.4% breakfast habits,
the condition of the building uncomfortable 66.2%. There is a relationship between age (pvalue
0.000), marital status (pvalue 0.034), mental workload (pvalue 0.036), smoking (pvalue 0,000),
breakfast habit (pvalue 0.016), the condition of buildings (pvalue 0,033) with work fatigue. No
relationship between tenure (pvalue 0.250), nutritional status / IMT (pvalue 0.798) with work
fatigue so that interventions can be expected were the entrepreneur can apply a more ergonomic
way of working, doing job rotation more often, not too often provide overtime work and provide
for their employees wheeler cart.
Keywords: employees, fatigue, occupational risk

 

ABSTRAK
Hampir setiap tahun sebanyak 2 juta pekerja meninggal dunia karena kecelakaan kerja yang
disebabkan oleh faktor kelelahan kerja. Di Indonesia setiap hari rata-rata terjadi 414 kecelakaan
kerja, 27,8% disebabkan kelelahan yang cukup tinggi dan lebih kurang 9,5% atau 39 orang
mengalami cacat. Industri pencucian jeans merupakan salah satu bagian dari industri tekstil dan bergerak di bidang pencucian dan pelunturan warna. Kelelahan terjadi karena pekerja sering dihadapkan pada beban kerja yang beragam seperti target penyelesaian pekerjaan yang

harus tepat waktu. Dengan demikian perlu diketahui adanya hubungan faktor internal dan
faktor eksternal karyawan dengan kelelahan kerja pada karyawan garment laundry di bagian
produksi CV Sinergie Laundry Jakarta Barat tahun 2013.
Penelitian dilakukan di CV Sinergie Laundry yang berada di Jalan Pos Pengumben No. 12
Kebon Jeruk Jakarta Barat. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian ini mulai bulan Maret 2013 sampai
dengan bulan Oktober 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional. Populasi
penelitian adalah seluruh karyawan CV Sinergie Laundry di bagian produksi sebanyak 74
orang. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan metode sampling jenuh. Teknik analisis yang
digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 70,6%
karyawan mengalami kelelahan kategori tinggi, karyawan dengan umur tua (≥35 tahun) 52,7%,
masa kerja lama (>5 tahun) 58,1%, status gizi kurang baik/kurus 59,5%, status kawin 70,3%,
beban kerja mental dengan kategori rendah 62,2%, kebiasaan merokok 85,1%, kebiasaan tidak
sarapan 55,4%, dan kondisi bangunan gedung tidak nyaman 66,2%. Terdapat hubungan antara
umur (p-value 0,000), status perkawinan (p-value0,034), beban kerja mental (p-value 0,036),
kebiasaan merokok (p-value 0,000), kebiasaan sarapan (p-value 0,016), kondisi bangunan
gedung (p-value 0,033) dengan kelelahan kerja.Tidak ada hubungan antara masa kerja (p-value
0,250), status gizi/IMT (p-value 0,798) dengan kelelahan kerja. Intervensi yang bisa diharapkan
adalah pengusaha dapat menerapkan cara kerja yang lebih ergonomis, melakukan rotasi kerja
lebih sering, jangan terlalu sering memberikan kerja lembur, dan menyediakan troli beroda
bagi karyawan.
Kata kunci: karyawan, kelelahan, risiko kerja

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ABSTRACT
People with HIV need support of people in the vicinity. The purpose of this study is to prove the
existence of a relationship of knowledge and confidence in people with hiv / aids (PLHIV) with the
participation of periodic training peer support groups.This study is an observational study with
a cross sectional approach. Cluster Sampling method was used in this research. Sampling was
begun with randomly selecting 10 provinces and then randomly selecting the districts. Provinces
were randomly selected in this study are North Sumatera, West Java, DKI Jakarta, East Java, West
Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, Bali, NTB, NTT, and Papua. The number of samples of this study were
2015 people with HIV. Questionnaire used as an instrument Quantitative data were analyzed by
univariate and bivariate comparison of proportions for analysis. The results of quatitative study
showed that people with HIV received training had 3,2 times more confidence than people with
HIV did not get training (95% CI 2,723 to 3,935). People with HIV who received training had 9,4
times more likely to have better knowledge than people with HIV who did not get training (95%
CI 6,430 to 13,869).
Keywords : PLWHA, peer group, HIV
ABSTRAK
Odha membutuhkan dukungan orang-orang di sekitarnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
membuktikan adanya hubungan pengetahuan dan percaya diri pada orang dengan hiv/aids
(odha) dengan keikutsertaan pelatihan berkala kelompok dukungan sebaya. Studi ini adalah
studi observasional dengn pendekatan potong lintang. Metode sampling kluster diterapkan pada
studi ini. Pengambilan sampel dimulai dengan melakukan seleksi secara random 10 provinsi di
Indonesia dan kemudian dilakukan seleksi random pada kabupaten. Provinsi terpilih adalah
Sumatera Utara, Jawa barat, DKI Jakarta, Jawa Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, Bali,
NTB, NTT, dan Papua. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 2015 orang dengan HIV. Kuesioner
digunakan sebagai instrumen pada studi yang dianalisis baik secara univariat maupun bivariat
dengan membandingkan proporsi pada saat analisis. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa orang
dengan HIV yang menerima pelatihan 3,2 kali lebih percaya diri daripada orang dengan HIV
yang tidak mendapatkan training (CI 95% 2,273 – 3,935). Selain itu, orang dengan HIV yang
menerima pelatihan 9,4 kali lebih baik pengetahuannya daripada orang dengan HIV yang tidak
menerima pelatihan (95% CI 6,430 – 13,869).
Kata kunci: Odha, KDS, HIV

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ABSTRACT
Prevalence of drug abuse among students globally and in Indonesia is quite high One type of
commonly abused drug is marijuana. Various studies have shown a strong correlation between
marijuana with cigarettes smoking. In fact , the rate of cigarettes smoking in Indonesia is quite
high. In theory the relationship between smoking and illicit drug, marijuana, showed that from
three existing theory: first, the gateway theory (GW); second, the common liability theory (CL),
dan route of administration theory (ROA); two theories, GW theory dan ROA theory, suggested a
link between smoking and marijuana. From these conditions, it is expected that the various parties,
as government, NGOs , community, schools and colleges should move to do a variety of prevention
and control of smoking , particularly among school children/students .
Keywords: Smoking, drug abuse, marijuana
ABSTRAK
Prevalensi penyalahgunaan narkobadi kalangan pelajar secara global maupun di Indonesia
cukup tinggi. Salah satu jenis narkoba yang biasa disalahgunakan adalah ganja. Berbagai
penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan yang kuat antara penyalahgunaan narkoba jenis ganja
dengan kebiasaan merokok. Padahal, angka merokok pada masyarakat, termasuk pelajar/
mahasiswa di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Secara teori hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan
narkoba jenis ganja menunjukkan bahwa dari tiga teori yang ada, yaitu teori the gateway
(GW), teori the common liability (CL), dan teori route of administration (ROA), dua teori, yaitu
teori GW dan ROA, menyatakan adanya hubungan kuat antara kebiasaan merokok dengan
menyalahgunakan narkoba jenis ganja. Dari kondisi tersebut, diharapkan berbagai pihak dari
pemerintah, LSM, masyarakat umum, sampai pihak sekolah dan perguruan tinggi selayaknya
bergerak untuk melakukan berbagai upaya pencegahan dan penanggulangan merokok,
khususnya di kalangan pelajar/mahasiswa.
Kata kunci: merokok, narkoba, ganja

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ABSTRACT
Bacteria commonly used as an indicator of microbiological food is Escherichia coli (E. coli).
Standardization from Ministry of Health requires that E. coli in food should be zero per gram of
food. The purpose of this study was to find the E. coli bacterial contamination in food and beverage
on food vendors on educational environments Muhammadiyah Limau, South Jakarta Year 2015.
This study used an analytical method with cross-sectional study design. To see the relationship
between the characteristics handlers, food and beverage handling and sanitation facilities with E.
coli bacteria contamination in 37 (total) samples in the area of research.
The results of this study showed E. coli contamination in food and beverage snacks in educational
environments Muhammadiyah Lemons, South Jakarta. Snack foods which contaminated were 15
samples (48,4%) and which were not 16 samples (51,6 %). Contamination on drinks were two
samples (33.3 %) and the amount of 4 samples (66.7 %).
Statistical analysis showed that the variables have a relationship of variable storage of food,
cooking processing, and sanitary facilities. Variables which unrelated were gender, education,
knowledge, behavior, and choice of materials, processing, food and beverage presentation.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis proved the material was the most powerful predictor of
sanitation facilities, meaning that poor sanitation increase the risk of E. coli contamination of
8.685 (95% CI: 1.376 to 35.968). Health Officer South Jakarta should disseminate the standard
of hygiene in collaboration with Fikes UHAMKA to food vendor on food processing to avoid the
impact of contamination of E.coli health.

ABSTRAK
Bakteri yang biasa digunakan sebagai indikator mikrobiologis makanan adalah Escherichia
coli (E.coli). Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan mensyaratkan bahwa bakteri E. coli dalam makanan
harus 0 per gram makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui kontaminasi bakteri E. coli
pada makanan dan minuman penjual jajanan di lingkungan pendidikan Muhammadiyah Limau,

Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yang bersifat analitik dengan
desain penelitian cross sectional. Untuk melihat hubungan antara karakteristik penjamah,
penanganan makanan dan minuman serta fasilitas sanitasi dengan kontaminasi bakteri E. coli
dengan 37 (total) pedagang yang berjualan di wilayah penelitian.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kontaminasibakteri E. coli pada makanan dan
minuman jajanan di lingkungan pendidikan Muhammadiyah Limau, Jakarta Selatan. Makanan
jajanan yang tidak memenuhi syarat berjumlah 15 sampel (48,4%) dan yang memenuhi syarat
berjumlah 16 sampel (51,6%). Minuman jajanan yang tidak memenuhi syarat berjumlah 2
sampel (33,3%) dan yang memenuhi syarat berjumlah 4 sampel (66,7%).
Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan variabel yang
memiliki hubungan yaitu variabel
penyimpanan makanan dan minuman masak dan fasilitas sanitasi. Variabel yang tidak
berhubungan yaitu jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pengetahuan, perilaku serta pemilihan bahan,
pengolahan makanan dan minuman, penyajian makanan dan minuman. Analisis multivariat
dengan regresi logistik membuktikan bahan prediktor yang paling kuat adalah fasilitas sanitasi,
artinya sanitasi yang kurang baik berisiko meningkatkan kontaminasi E.coli 8,685 kali (95% CI:
1,376 – 35,968).
Perlu ada sosialisasi yang dilakukan oleh Dinas Kesehatan Jakarta Selatan bekerjasama
dengan FIKES UHAMKA kepada pedangan makanan tentang pengolahan makanan agar
terhindar dari pencemaran E.coli yang membahayakan kesehatan.

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Abstract

One effort to reduce child mortality and improve maternal health in achieving the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs) in 2015, exclusive breastfeeding needs to be improved. WHO (2009)
stated that approximately 15% of the total cases of deaths in children under the age of five in
developing countries are caused by non-exclusive breastfeeding. The study was conducted in order
to understand the importance of the mother of his baby exclusive breastfeeding. This study was
descriptive cross-sectional design, the population is mothers who have babies 7 -12 months in
Karang Tengah District Bojong village, Cianjur, West Java in 2015 as many as 235 mothers and
total population sample of 235 people who meet the inclusion criteria, namely mother who have
children aged 7-24 months and are willing to become respondents, settled in Bojong village of
Karang Tengah District Cianjur, and be a participant in the region tersebut research indicates
that more respondents had low knowledge (70.6%) of Exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers age most
are in the 20-35 year group (77%), education Mother most in the low category is Not The End
Elementary School, Graduate from elementary school and junior high school Graduate (79%).
Mother most is Not Working (86%). Thus, efforts are needed to increase knowledge of mothers
on exclusive breastfeeding through education, training, focus group discussion (FGD) and others.

Keywords: Knowledge mother, breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding

ABSTRAK
Salah satu upaya mengurangi tingkat kematian anak dan meningkatkan kesehatan ibu
dalam pencapaian tujuan Millenium Development Goals
(MDGs) 2015, maka pemberian ASI
eksklusif perlu ditingkatkan. WHO (2009) menyatakan sekitar 15% dari total kasus kematian
anak di bawah usia lima tahun di negara berkembang disebabkan oleh pemberian ASI tidak
eksklusif. Penelitian dilakukan agar ibu paham akan pentingnya ASI Ekslusif terhadap bayinya.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan disain crosssectional, populasi adalah ibu-ibu yang
memiliki bayi 7 –12 bulan di Desa Bojong Kecamatan Karang Tengah, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa
Barat 2015 sebanyak 235 ibu dan sampel penelitianadalah total populasi berjumlah 235 orang
yang memenuhi criteria inklusi yaitu ibu yang memiliki balita yang berusia 7-24 bulan dan
bersedia jadi responden, menetap di Desa Bojong Kecamatan Karang Tengah Kabupaten Cianjur,
dan menjadi peserta posyandu di wilayah tersebut.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih
banyak responden memiliki pengetahuan yang rendah (70,6%) tentang pemberian ASI Eksklusif.
umur Ibu yang paling banyak berada di kelompok 20–35 Tahun (77 %), pendidikan Ibu paling
banyak dalam kategori rendah yaitu Tidak Tamat SD, Tamat SD, dan Tamat SMP (79%). Ibu
paling banyak adalah Tidak Bekerja (86%).Dengan demikian perlu adanya upaya peningkatan
pengetahuan ibu mengenai pemberian ASI eksklusif melalui penyuluhan, pelatihan, focus group
discussion (FGD) dan lain-lain.
Kata kunci: Pengetahuan ibu, ASI Ekslusif, Pemberian ASI eksklusif

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Abstract

Infant mortality rate is one of indicator to evaluate health care in one country. Based on
Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey in 2007, a number of 93 % pregnant woman had got
Ante Natal Care during their pregnancy and 73 % of them had helped with skilled birth attedance
when their delivery time. However, early neonatal mortality rate has been decreased in Indonesia.
Therefore, this study purpose to analyze the relationship between access to health care and early
neonatal mortality rate through Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey in year 2007. It is
use cross sectional as its design of the study. With logistic reggresion as an analytical method,
this study control its confounding such as gender of babies, birth weight, mother’s age, mother’s
occupation status, abortion history, parity, complication during pregancy, place of delivery, wealth
index, and place of living. The result showed thatthere was no significant relationship between
access to health care and early neonatal mortality, the adjusted odds ratio was 0.42 (95 % CI;
0.11 – 1.64). However, early neonatal mortality can be reduced through adequate antenatal care
and increasing health facilities during delivery.

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