Jurnal Ekonomi

Abstract

Abstract

In Indonesia non-communicable diseases become a very serious health problem at this time, namely hypertension. Hypertension risk factors include irreversible factors (age, gender, family history) and modifiable factors (smoking, nutritional status, physical activity, stress, and food consumption) which are considered to greatly affect the incidence of hypertension. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This research is quantitative with cross sectional approach. Done in the work area of ​​Jatiluhur Bekasi health center in July 2018. Data collection was carried out on 143 respondents who were patients who visited the work area of ​​the puskesmas using questionnaires and direct measurements. Quota sampling technique. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate. Univariate test results showed the proportion of hypertensive patients mostly were ertensi 40 years (71.3%), female gender (57.3%), low education (61.5%), working (55.2%), having a history family (61.5), nutritional status with overweight and obesity (62.2%), non-smoking (50.3%), and mild physical activity (79.7%). The results of the bivariate test showed that the variables associated with the incidence of hypertension were age (Pvalue = 0,000), education (Pvalue = 0,000), work (Pvalue = 0,001), family history (Pvalue = 0,033), and nutritional status (Pvalue = 0,003), while variables that are not related to the incidence of hypertension, namely sex (Pvalue = 0.454), smoking (Pvalue = 1,000) and physical activity (Pvalue = 0.197). To reduce the occurrence of hypertension, there needs to be education to prevent such as providing counseling to the public about hypertension and conducting blood pressure checks regularly.

Keywords: Hypertension, Risk Factors

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Hypertension or often known as “high” is one of the non-communicable diseases, which is currently a big and serious problem. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension in RW 009 community in Bojong Menteng Bekasi Village in 2018. This research is analytic by using cross sectional study design. This research was conducted from January 2018 until July 2018 with a total sample of 161 people. The instruments used in this study were sphygmomanometer, microtoise, weight scales and questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out by univariate and bivariate using chi square test. The results of the study found 47.2% of respondents who experienced hypertension, who were at risk (≥40 years) as much as 58.4%, male gender as much as 47.2%, history of family hypertension as much as 60.2%, obesity as much as 59 , 6%, smoking as much as 26.1%, less active physical activity by 53.4% and alcohol consumption by 1.2%. Furthermore, variables related to the incidence of hypertension were age (p = 0,000) PR 1,996 (95% CI: 1,334-2,986), history of family hypertension (p = 0,000) PR 3,197 (95% CI: 1,926-5,308), obesity (p = 0,000) PR 1,647 (95% CI: 1,264-2,145), smoking (p = 0,041) PR 1,473 (95% CI: 1,072-2,024), physical activity (p = 0,029) PR 1,495 (95% CI: 1,055- 2,118 ) Whereas, variables that were not related to the incidence of hypertension were sex (p = 0.252) PR 1.243 (95% CI: 0.896-1.724) and alcohol consumption (p = 1,000) PR 1.060 (95% CI: 0.263-4.280).The advice given to the puskesmas is that it is necessary to encourage the community, together with the head of RW 009 to raise awareness on routine health checks and routine exercise every holiday.

Keywords: Hypertension, Factors that cause hypertension

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Diarrhea is a public health problem, especially in infants. Diarrhea can be prevented if the community have a good implement Clean and Healthy Behavior (PHBS). This study aims to determine The Relationship Between Clean And Healthy Behavior (PHBS) Of The Household Part With The Incidence Of Childhood Diarrhea. Subjects in this study were the mother In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Mangunjaya Tambun Selatan Bekasi who have children aged 12- 59 months. The research design used is analytic survey research with cross sectional approach, data taken from respondent by using questionnaire. The analysis used for this reseach is univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. The results of univariate analysis in this study where most respondents didnt experience diarrhea occurence in infants in the last three months (62%), PHBS household arrangement (71,3%), have children 25-59 months old (73,1%), have male toddler (50,9%), ≥ 26 years old (80,6%), had recent high education (63,9%), has a family income month < UMR (68,5%), and has 1 toddler (80,6%). The results of bivariate test showed that there is a significant relationship between the behavior of clean and healthly live (PHBS) of the household order with the incidence of diarrhea in infacts In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Mangunjaya Tambun Selatan Bekasi 2018 (Pvalue 0,000). Puskesmas officers must be intensive and continuous in providing health counseling about the factors related to the incidence of chilhood diarrhe, especially Clean And Healthy Behavior (PHBS) Of The Household Part to community In The Working Area Of Puskesmas Mangunjaya Tambun Selatan Bekasi.

Keyword : The Relationship Between Clean And Healthy Behavior, Childhood Diarrhea

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

 ABSTRACT

Based on data from the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) groups of adolescents to young adults (15-24) have sedentary lifestyles (sedentary / lack of physical activity) of 52%. Lack of physical activity can lead to health risks especially the complications of non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension and heart problems. This study aims to determine the relationship of physical activity and its determinants. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 846 FIKES UHAMKA students participated in this study. Data collected by filling out the questionnaire by students. Data analysis used the chi square test to determine the relationship between physical activity and its determinants and logistic regression to determine the predictors of physical activity. This study provides results that the average Metabolic Equivalent (MET) score is 1420.33 ± 2384.297. Respondents who have low physical activity by 47.8%, moderate physical activity by 39.6% and high physical activity by only 12.6% of respondents. There is a significant relationship between gender, work status, availability of sports facilities, lecturer support, and perception of sports on physical activity. Active physical activity is more common in male sex respondents, students who are already working, the availability of sports facilities at home or the surrounding environment, the invitation of lecturers to exercise and a good perception of sports. The results also showed that respondents who did not work, did not have sports facilities at home, and had a poor perception of sports were predictors of having passive / mild physical activity.

Keywords : Perception, Attitude, Environment, Sports Facilities, Physical Activity of Students

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a contagious disease that is still a problem in the world of health until now. Pulmonary tuberculosis attacks the lungs caused by Mycrobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia is included in a country with a high burden of tuberculosis, ranking 4th as a contributor to tuberculosis after India, China and South Africa. This study aims to determine internal risk factors that can cause pulmonary tuberculosis in the Dhuafa population.

This type of research is analytical with a case-control study. The sample study was divided into case and control samples totaling 30 people with pulmonary tuberculosis and 30 people non-pulmonary tuberculosis. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed by Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence level.

The results of this studied showed that the risk factors that were caused of the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​Bambu Apus Health Center were a household contact with patient pulmonary tuberculosis. (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.112-11,017; p = 0.028) and habit of smoking family at home (OR: 4,333; 95% CI: 1,203-15,605; p = 0,020). The education level and occupancy density were variables that have no relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of ​​Bambu Apus Health Center.

Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Risk Factors, Disease

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

Kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) pertanian merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan pembangunan Indonesia sebagai negara agraris. Pembangunan kualitas SDM pertanian erat kaitannya dengan status gizi dan morbiditas penyakit infeksi yang juga berhubungan dengan perilaku gizi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku gizi, status gizi, dan morbiditas penyakit infeksi pada petani dan buruh tani padi perempuan di Kecamatan Taman Kabupaten Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Subyek pada penelitian ini adalah 97 petani dan buruh tani pada perempuan di Kecamatan Taman Kabupaten Pemalang, Jawa Tengah dengan teknik sampling cluster random sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui pengukuran antropometri dan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar contoh memiliki pengetahuan gizi yang kurang, sikap gizi positif, praktek gizi dan keamanan pangan sedang, status gizi normal berdasarkan IMT dan LLA, dan morbiditas penyakit infeksi yang rendah. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan pengetahuan gizi berhubungan nyata dengan status gizi berdasarkan IMT. Morbiditas penyakit infeksi tidak berhubungan nyata dengan status gizi berdasarkan IMT, tetapi berhubungan nyata dengan status gizi berdasarkan lingkar lengan atas (LLA).

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

Rubbish sorting is to separate waste types in according to the dissociation nature. In Serang city, especially the State Elementary School in working area Puskesmas Taktakan as being the location TPSA Cilowong Serang City government property still carry out the separation of biodegradable garbage and is not readily biodegradable. This is related with the knowledge and attitudes about less waste sorting. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education on the knowledge level and attitudes about the waste sorting at the State Elementary School students in the Serang City 2015. The method used is a quasi-experimental. Samples some students at class V SDN Serang City. The first group is the experimental sample is SDN Pereng Cilowong village, and the second group is the experimental sample was SDN Taktakan 1 Serang. Data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with dependent t test, independent t test, and the correlation test. Based on the research results revealed that the mean of knowledge before the health education intervention = 11.088, mean knowledge after = 12.431. Mean attitude before = 37.363, and the attitude of health education interventions after the mean values ​​obtained 38.902. No statistically significant difference between the average knowledge before and after the health education intervention in the experimental first group (p = 0.0001) and second group (p = 0.0001). There are significant differences between the average attitude before and after the health education intervention in the experimental first group (p = 0.002) and second group (p = 0.040). The score average students knowledge and attitude who are given health education interventions through the film, is higher than the students knowledge and attitudes who are given health education interventions through leaflets (p = 0.015 and p = 0.048). There is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude about waste separation (r= 0.524) and p = 0.0001). Suggestions in this research is to be able to select and use the appropriate health education media for students, especially elementary school students who turned out to be more effective to use audio visual media be compared visual media.

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

Di Indonesia diperkirakan pada tahun 2013 di ada sekitar 60,4 juta orang yang merokok setiap hari. Meskipun faktor-faktor risiko perilaku merokok di kalangan remaja di Indonesia sudah banyak diteliti dalam berbagai survei, namun pengetahuan secara mendalam mengenai peranan niat, norma subyektif, dan lingkungan sosial masih belum banyak diteliti.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui informasi yang mendalam tentang gambaran faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat  terjadinya perilaku merokok di kalangan remaja laki-laki di SMP Master di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan Rapid Assesment Procedure (RAP). Informan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini ada 10 orang dan 1 orang informan kunci yang diwawancarai dengan enggunakan teknik Wawancara Mendalam (WM).

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Faktor norma subyektif adalah faktor yang paling berpengaruh dalam membentuk perilaku remaja untuk merokok. Sedangkan iklan rokok adalah faktor yang paling sedikit mempengaruhi remaja untuk merokok. Norma subyektif yang terbentuk dari teman sebaya mereka adalah   merokok merupakan identitas remaja ketika nongkrong atau bercengkrama dengan teman bermainnya. Nongkrong tanpa rokok adalah hal yang tabu buat remaja, sehingga dorongan merokok berasal dari teman sebaya, bukan dari dorongan internal, diri sendiri. Edukasi yang membangun keterampilan hidup (life skill) remaja belum didapatkan oleh informan

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

Medication error remain extremely common, and the health care system can do much more to prevent it. Electronic prescribing is increasingly being viewed by health care stakeholders as an important step toward improved medication safety, better management of medication costs, increased practice efficiency, and improved health care quality. However, the adoption of e-prescribing has been difficult to attain owing to numerous barriers throughout the industry. Even with all the benefits of e-prescribing, many providers and pharmacists remained hesitant about completely adopting an e-prescribing system. The main purpose of this study was to explore and to assess the barriers of electronic prescribing implementation. The methodology for this study followed the basic principles of a systematic review with PRISMA methode retrieved from online database PubMed using a keyword “barriers” OR “obstacles” AND “electronic prescribing” OR “electronic prescription” AND “implementation”. Finally 6 documents were selected by full text inclucion and assessed for eligibility. The result of the study are  inefficiency, the low uptake of the physicians, the cost of implementing the electronic prescription, system errors and the privacy and legacy. The conclusion from the studies should that electronic prescribing implementation barriers those we divided into 2 groups : the user factors and the system factors of the electronic prescription. Vendors or the consultants to facilitate more adequately the adoption of e-prescribing by giving the physicians the free trial and provide evaluation and improvement according to the physicians’ needs for the features in the e-prescription.

Download: Fullpaper

Abstract

Introduction

One method chosen by many hospitals to achieve efficiency is the use of an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. This study discusses the EMR and its relationship with the efficiency and quality of hospital services through patient outcomes and users’ (physicians’ and nurses’) perspectives.

Method

A structured evidence and narrative review using the PRISMA method, with articles retrieved from online databases including PubMed, Wiley, ScienceDirect and ProQuest. The study’s period of review dates back ten years.

Results

The advantages of EMRs are decreased length of stay (LOS) and infection rate, plus a reduced probability of readmission once a patient safety event has occurred. EMRs reduce nurse, licensed vocational nurse (LVN) and registry cost per hour. EMRs provide enhanced ability in completing medical records and clinical documentation. The disadvantages are greater inefficiency in medical-surgical acute settings and increased cost per patient day. EMR does not reduce LOS in ICU. Some physicians also complain about the inefficiencies and time loss created by EMR.

Conclusion

The implementation of EMR in hospitals has advantages and disadvantages. Hospital management should undertake more analysis and consideration prior to deciding whether or not to use EMR.

Keywords: Electronic medical records, hospital, patients’ outcomes, efficiency

Download: Fullpaper